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Nearsightedness occurs because of a problem involving the absorption of light into the retina. The problem lies in the shape of the eyeball and or tilt of the cornea. When the eye is too long, nearsightedness or Myopia can occur. If the cornea is too steep, Myopia can be present as well.

Farsightedness occurs due to the cornea being too flat and or the eye itself being to small. When the cornea is not round enough, it becomes difficult for the eye to focus on objects within a short range.